Affirmative sentences are used when the action, existence, state, condition, etc. of a person or thing is a fact.
There are several formats of affirmative sentences in Japanese.
The affirmative sentences vary depending on the person you are speaking to.
This page explains affirmative sentences in Japanese.
Affirmative Sentence Format
In Japanese, an affirmative sentence ends with a predicate “ใใใพใ” or “ใใใงใ”.
This characteristic is common whether the predicate is a verb, an i-adjective, a na-adjective or a noun.
When a predicate is a verb, the predicate ends with “ใใใพใ”.
็งใฏใใๆ็ใใใไฝใใพใใ
When a predicate is an i-adjective, the predicate ends with “ใใใงใ”.
ๅคใฏใใๆใใงใใ
When a predicate is a na-adjective, the predicate ends with “ใใใงใ”.
ๅ้ใฏใใใใขใใใใไธๆใงใใ
When a predicate is a noun, the predicate ends with “ใใใงใ”.
ใใใฏใใๅฐใใใใๅณถใงใใ
Below are several example sentences for four types of affirmative sentences when the predicate is a verb, an i-adjective, a na-adjective or a noun.
When a Predicate Is a Verb
When a predicate is a verb, the predicate ends with “ใใใพใ”.
็งใฏใใ้ง ใซใใ่กใใพใใ
ๅ ็ใฏใใ่ฑ่ชใใใๆใใพใใ
ใใฎๆฉๆขฐใฏใใ่ชๅใงใใๅใใพใใ
ใใฎๅบใฏใใ่ฌใใใๅฃฒใใพใใ
ใ็ถใใใฏใใ่ปใใใ้่ปขใใพใใ
When a Predicate Is an I-adjective
When a predicate is an i-adjective, the predicate ends with “ใใใงใ”.
ใใฎ่ฑใฏใใ่ตคใใงใใ
ใใฎๆค ๅญใฏใใ่ปฝใใงใใ
ๆฑไบฌใฏใใไบบใใใๅคใใงใใ
็งใฏใใไปๆฅใใ็ ใใงใใ
ๅ ็ใฏใใใจใฆใใใๅณใใใงใใ
When a Predicate Is a Na-adjective
When a predicate is a na-adjective, the predicate ends with “ใใใงใ”.
่พๆธใฏใใไพฟๅฉใงใใ
ใใฎไปไบใฏใใๅคงๅคใงใใ
ใใฎ่ปใฏใใๅฎๅ จใงใใ
้ฃ่กๆฉใฏใใใจใฆใใใไธๅคซใงใใ
ใ้ใฏใใๅคงๅใงใใ
When a Predicate Is a Noun
When a predicate is a noun, the predicate ends with “ใใใงใ”.
ใใใฏใใใ้ ใงใใ
ใใฎ่ฒใฏใใ้ป่ฒใงใใ
ใใใฏใใ็ ้ขใงใใ
ๅฆนใฏใใๅคงๅญฆ็ใงใใ
็งใฏใใๅ ็ใงใใ
When Talking with a Close Person
When talking with close friends, family, etc., you don’t add “ใใใพใ or “ใใใงใ” to a predicate.
There are many cases where no subject is added.
This change is common whether the predicate is a verb, an i-adjective, a na-adjective or a noun.
โซ๏ธ When a predicate is a verb
็งใฏใใๆ็ใใใไฝใใพใใ
โฌ๏ธ When talking with a close person
ๆ็ใใใไฝใใ
โซ๏ธ When a predicate is an i-adjective
ๅคใฏใใๆใใงใใ
โฌ๏ธ When talking with a close person
ๅคใฏใใๆใใ
โซ๏ธ When a predicate is a na-adjective
ๅ้ใฏใใใใขใใใใไธๆใงใใ
โฌ๏ธ When talking with a close person
ๅ้ใฏใใใใขใใใใไธๆใ
โซ๏ธ When a predicate is a noun
ใใใฏใใๅฐใใใใๅณถใงใใ
โฌ๏ธ When talking with a close person
ใใใฏใใๅฐใใใใๅณถใ